Single-Phase Induction Motors
The single-phase engine operates beneath the same principle as the polyphase electric motor, except that the rotating magnetic field effect generated by the stator does not exist until running rpm is reached. Since no starting chain sprocket torque is obtainable, a design mechanism is included to begin the motor. They are the various designations:
Torque-Speed Curves of Different Single-Phase Induction Motors
Shaded-pole: Have only 1 main winding and no start winding. This configuration causes a change of the used magnetic field in romantic relationship to the rotor, creating stating torque. Applications include fans and small appliances.
Split-Phase (induction start motor)
Has two sets of stator windings. The “start” windings are positioned 90 degrees to the “run” windings and change the magnetic field of the stator, inducing starting torque. Applications include small grinders, small enthusiasts, and blowers.
Capacitor-Start
The most common single-phase motor used in industrial applications. It is a modified split-phase motor with a capacitor in series with the beginning winding to provide a start boost. Program include small conveyors, huge blowers, pumps, and direct-drives.
Permanent-Split-Capacitor (PSC)
Uses identical main and auxiliary windings with a capacitor to provide starting torque. They are the most reliable single-phase motor because no centrifugal starting switch is required. Applications include enthusiasts and pumps in HVAC and refrigeration industries.